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| | Post Date: 2007-1-9 Expiry date: 6 months |
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Quartz
Summarize
The quartz is the most common mineral which alone forms by SiO2 in the nature, which including two kinds of quartz, one is trigonal crystal low temperature quartz (α quartz) and hexad crystal high temperature quartz (β quartz). The common major part is the low temperature quartz, generally is called the quartz. Its assumes the shapes of rhombohedron, hexad direction columniation, double tripartite cone, the tripartite rhombic shape; which color is achromaticity, ivory-white, multi-colors if mixed in the impurity; Not cleaves, has the conchoidal fracture, the oily luster; hardness 7, density 2.65g/cm3. Its crystal common has solid, liquid and gas enwrap.
The quartz sandstone is formed by solidifies rock which the quartz detritus surpasses 95%. The quartz have the weak undulatory extinction from the intrusive rock, the common unit crystal and the crystal combination granule, in which the crystal have common subsidiary mineral, the liquid, the gas enwrap, also have melt-erode phenomenon but non-undulatory extinction; Comes from the metamorphic rock in the quartz have the obviously undulatory extinction, common metamorphic mineral wrappage; Comes from the volcanic rock in the quartz, often assumes the transparent unit crystal double cone, about the quartz by aggradation rock, the granule abrasion is smooth, the wrappage is often the clay, sediment mineral and so on. The ore mineral ingredient besides the quartz, also contains few of tourmaline, the rutile, the iron ore, thefeldspar, the mica, the clay mineral and so on, the cementation have the most of the silicon nature, mainly assumes the opal, chalcedony, non-crystalless condition and so on, also has calcareous, ferroguinous, glauconite and the rare dolomite cementation.
The aposandstone in petrology is kind of transformation rock formed by the quartz sandstone or silicarenite metamorphiced, its quartz content is bigger than 85%, because of the different between original rock and the deterioration condition, so often includes the feldspar, the white mica, the black mica, the sericite, the green mudstone, hornblende and so on the impurity mineral. Still have one kind of sediment quartzite, also called fine quartzite, cementation nearly completely for regenerates the quartz. the boundary is not very obvious between detritus granule and cementation, silicon cementation revolves the quartz detritus, has phenomenon of regeneration and increasing. This kind of deposition aposandstone distributes north part of north China broadly in stratum , someone called the aposandstone, also be called the quarts sandstone.
Matrix quartz and the granite so on the related rock magmahydrothermal mineral lode. The ore often assumes the white, the creamcolor; Its shape is the oily luster, the block structure, vary grain chang-crystal, The mineral composition nearly completely is the quartz, contains the few feldspar, the mica, the magnetite and so on. In the ore often has the wall rock conglomeration.
The quartz sand is one kind of minerals name, which including the many kinds.The hyaline-quartz is refers to the nature mineral or rock which ore ingredient and granularity conforms to the glass industry requested. In the ore mineral ingredient, the quartz is primary and the secondary mineral has each kind of feldspar,the rock debris, weightily mineral(pyrope, tourmaline, pyroxene, hornblende, fine stone, topaz, epidote, ilmenite and so on) as well as the mica, the green mudstone and the clay mineral and so on. The quartz placer may divide into the quartz sand, contain the feldspar clay quartz sand, contains ore type and so on feldspar quartz sand, general designation the mineral of sand; Thesilicarenite, the aposandstone and matrix quartz are called as the crag class ore.
A, Geological minerals basic characteristic
4． Distributing
China's quartz ore resources distribution widespread mainly is LiaoningBenxi, the Anhui Fengyang, the Shanxi Hanzhong, Shanxi HuanQu, Qinghai Datong and so on; the matix quartz orea are mainly in Hubei Qichun, Xinjiang Hami and so on; the quartz sandstone ore are in the Hebei Luan county, Zanhuang, Shandong yinan, Cangshan, Zhejiang changxing, Huzhou, Jiangsu Suzhou, the Hunan Shimen, XuPu, Sichuan Gong xian, Yunnan Kunming and so on; As well as Jilin Shuangliao, Liaoning Zhang Wu, Inner Mongolian Tongliao, Jiangsu, XuQian, Gansu Lanzhou, Jiangxi, Huzhou, ShandongRong Cheng, Fujian Dongshan, Guangdong Huidong, Guangxi North Sea, Hainan Dongfang and so on.
5． Ore deposits types
The quartz produced have many types, quartz can produced under eachgeological condition, has the commercial value the oredeposit to have the main redeposit the quartz placer formed from the lake, the deposition quartz placer formed from the ocean, the wind becomes the quartz ore which the quartz placer, the deterioration quartz ore, thehydrothermal matrix the ore, magma dispart forms and so on.The overall is in the fresh magmatic rock - pegmatite, in the freshmagmatic rock - hydrothermal deposit (arteries), the endomorphic zonecrag - hydrothermal quartz pulse, the exogenous sedimetary rock and soon
3, Primary ore deposits
(1) rock sediment of grow outer in Fengyang Anhui
Fengyang county have many mine resources, there is 37 types of mine already proved up and exploited. The mine resource of quartzite is first in huadong district, it very fameous in nationwide, it is one of the most important quartz raw material produce base in China. The characteristic of Fengyang’s quartz mine resourc :
a.The reserves is giant. According to prove up with the department of geologic mine, there is more than 10 billion tons quartzite in Fengyang country.
b. The distributing is wide. The area is more than 60 square kilometer.
c. The quality is great. The quality of quartzite in Fengyang country is great, content is SiO2 98—99.9%, AlO3 ±0.5%, Fe2O3 ±0.05%, The fluctuation of every chemistry element is small.
d.Exploit is easy. The mine of quartzite is belong to sediment transformation quartz mine, the mine style is layer ,like layer and nervation, there is no stone in mine layer, the selection is big, exploit is easy.
Chemistry component %:
Si02 Fe203 Al203 Ti02 K20 Na20 Ca0
>99.3 <0.03 <0.40 <0.02 <0.10 <0.1. <0.01
Physics Performance:
Proportion g/cm3 loss % Melting OC Moisture % white degree PH value
2.65 0.10 1724 0.20 >92 6-7
(2) Jiangsu East China Sea endogenetic rocks thick liquid crag -pegmatite
The East China Sea quartz are the best, here quartz, the quartz reserves, the personal status occupy head of the national, accounts for above national 60%. The quartz reserves is 300 million tons, the crystal reserves surpasses 300,000 tons, the purity achieved above99.99%, contains the area to amount to 1,500 square kilometers, by the reputation is "the capital of China crystal " and "the Eastern quartz center".
Chemistry component %:
Si02 Fe203 Al203 Ti02 K20 Na20 Ca0
>99.8 <0.003 <0.05 <0.01 <0.08 <0.02 <0.01
(3) Hainan's quartz mineral resource rich ultimate reserves approximately 2 billion tons, Wenchang its reserves above 200 million tons. The Long Ma quartz placer mining area 20 square kilometers, theore level average thickness 20.73 meters, which taken primaly one class as second and second as one class for national first big quartzsand mining area.
Chemistry component %:
Si02 Fe203 Al203
>99.1 <0.01 <0.2
(4) Jiangxi Xiushui white stone range ore deposit
The ore deposit nearly walk rock is forms to the Jinningtime, appears area approximately 80km2, the main body character for the slanting long granite mountain pass - Man Jiang duplicate crag body. The far ore walk rock is composed by mid-yuan ancientry dynasty the Twin bridge mountain group shallow deterioration rock layer. The ore deposit delivers in the central spot, the overall by four strip widths 8 m ~ 20 m, long 100 m ~ 500 m quartz pulse constitution. The ore deposit scale is center - large-scale.The ore body assumes big pulse; Ore structure by massive primarily, is the angle shape; The ore structure is the large grain ~great crystal. The ore deposit origin is mad the hydrothermalpegmatite quartz block body ore deposit after the rock magma time [ 2,3, 5 ]. The mineralization temperature is 80 ℃ ~ 550 ℃. The composition ore body mineral nearly all is the quartz. Does not have the a xenolith in the ore body interior.
White stone range quartz pulse ore chemical analyse result
SiO2
(%) Al2O3
(10-6) Fe2O3
(10-6) MnO
(10-6) MgO
(10-6)
purple red quartz 99.84 634 252 3.2 43.7
deep gray quartz 99.84 677 303 2.2 27.2
iron grey quartz 99.92 602 250 3.4 20.3
Chart 2 white stone range matrix ore I structure characteristic
1 - purple red quartz pulse; 2 - deep gray quartz pulse; 3 – iron grey quartz pulse; 4 - slanting long granites
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